危险化学品安全生产风险分级管控 技术规范 Specification standard for risk management of hazardous chemicals safety production  ICS  13.200 CCS  C 66   中华人民共和国国家标准 GB/T 45420—2025 2025-02-2 8发布 2025-09-0 1实施     国家市场监督管理总局 国家标准化管理委员会 发 布目　　次 前言   ·····································································································   Ⅲ 1     范围   ··································································································   1 2     规范性引用文件   ······················································································   1 3     术语和定义、缩略语   ·················································································   1      3.1     术语和定义   ······················································································   1      3.2     缩略语   ···························································································   3 4     基本要求   ······························································································   3 5     风险评估   ······························································································   4      5.1     一般要求   ·························································································   4      5.2     风险识别与分析   ·················································································   5      5.3     风险评价   ·························································································   8 6     风险控制   ······························································································   9 7     风险动态监控   ·························································································   9      7.1     一般要求   ·························································································   9      7.2     风险控制措施有效性监测   ········································································   9      7.3     风险动态监测预警   ···············································································   9 8     证实方法   ····························································································   10 附录 A （规范性）　安全风险管控基本程序   ···························································   12 附录 B （资料性）　危险化学品生产装置本质安全评估方法   ··········································   13      B.1     评估方法   ·······················································································   13      B.2     本质安全检查表法   ·············································································   13      B.3     本质安全量化评估法   ···········································································   21 附录 C （资料性）　新工艺新装置设施研发阶段的主要风险管理活动   ································   29      C.1     实验室研究阶段   ················································································   29      C.2     中试试验阶段   ··················································································   29      C.3     新工艺、新技术工艺包编制阶段   ·······························································   29      C.4     新工艺、新技术工程设计阶段   ·································································   30 附录 D （资料性）　过程安全风险信息   ································································   31      D.1     研发阶段的过程安全信息   ······································································   31      D.2     设计阶段的过程安全信息   ······································································   31      D.3     运行阶段的过程安全信息   ······································································   32 附录 E （资料性）　常用风险识别与分析方法   ·························································   33      E.1     风险检查表法   ··················································································   33      E.2     危险源辨识   ·····················································································   33 GB/T 45420—2025     Ⅰ      E.3     放热反应的安全性评估   ·········································································   41      E.4     故障假设分析法   ··············································